Exploring the Impact of Smog on Mental Health in Lahore: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

This study aims to explore the psychological and emotional impacts of smog on the residents of Lahore, Pakistan, focusing on how air pollution affects mental health. Smog has been a persistent environmental issue in Lahore, leading to both short-term and long-term health consequences. While global research has linked air pollution to mental health problems, studies on its specific impact in Lahore are limited. Given the severity of smog in the region, it is crucial to understand its broader effects on the mental well-being of residents. A qualitative research design was adopted for this study. Twenty participants, aged 18 to 60 years, were selected through purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the data collected were analyzed thematically to identify key themes and patterns related to the psychological effects of smog exposure. The findings reveal that smog exacerbates anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments among residents of Lahore. Participants also reported heightened stress, irritability, and sleep disturbances, all linked to prolonged exposure to poor air quality. This study emphasizes the urgent need for stronger environmental policies to address smog and its impact on public health. Additionally, it recommends implementing public awareness campaigns to educate residents about the mental health risks associated with air pollution.