Child Abuse Trauma and Criminal Behavior: Legislative Gaps and Preventive Measures in Pakistan

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between childhood abuse and the likelihood of engaging in criminal or delinquent behavior in adulthood. It also evaluates Pakistan's legislative framework for child protection, highlighting gaps and inconsistencies, and proposes actionable recommendations to address these issues. The research employs a qualitative review based on interview questionnaires and legal documents, alongside empirical analysis, to explore the association between early trauma and criminal behavior. The legislative framework was designed to identify problems in definitions, preventive measures, and victim support systems. Findings reveal a strong link between childhood maltreatment and criminal tendencies in adulthood. Key issues include ambiguous definitions of child abuse, insufficient counseling provisions, and legislative inconsistencies, particularly concerning the age of majority. Routine disciplinary practices often overlap with abusive behaviors, further complicating child protection efforts. The study emphasizes the need for standardized definitions of child abuse, implementation of trauma counseling regulations, enhanced public awareness campaigns, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs to support victims and prevent recidivism.