Tourism Policy and Economic Development in Gilgit-Baltistan: A Critical Evaluation

Abstract

This study critically evaluates the role of tourism policy in fostering economic development in Gilgit-Baltistan a strategically significant yet economically marginalized region in northern Pakistan. Despite its immense potential rooted in breathtaking natural landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and geopolitical importance, Gilgit Baltistan has struggled to convert tourism into a sustained driver of economic growth. The research evaluates the effectiveness, inclusiveness, and implementation of existing tourism policies, examining their alignment with broader development objectives, including employment generation, infrastructure improvement, and regional economic integration. The methodology uses a mixed-methods approach, analyzing secondary quantitative data on tourism and economic indicators alongside a qualitative review of policy documents and academic literature. Findings reveal a fragmented and underdeveloped policy landscape, constrained institutional capacity, and weak coordination between public and private stakeholders, all of which impede the sector's progress. Furthermore, the absence of a comprehensive, region-specific tourism development strategy limits efforts to attract investment and adopt sustainable practices. The study concludes with policy recommendations designed to develop a coherent, inclusive, and economically viable tourism framework tailored to the unique context of Gilgit-Baltistan. Strengthening policy design and implementation can bridge the gap between potential and performance, enabling tourism to catalyze inclusive and sustainable regional development.