A Comparative Study of the Taj Mahal from the Mughal Period and the Forbidden City from the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Abstract

This study aims to compare the Taj Mahal of the Mughal period with the Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing dynasties, conducting an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of architectural scale, construction philosophy, craftsmanship, and political symbolism. As a masterpiece of the Mughal dynasty, the Taj Mahal embodies the fusion of diverse cultures and exquisite craftsmanship, symbolizing the rulers' pursuit of love and power. In contrast, the Forbidden City serves as a symbol of feudal imperial authority in China, highlighting the monarch's power through strict spatial planning and symmetrical layout. This paper employs literature review, case study analysis, and comparative analysis to examine the architectural features and cultural implications of both structures, revealing the diversity and richness of architectural art within different historical contexts. It emphasizes the importance of cultural exchange and integration in historical development. Ultimately, the study provides new insights into understanding the relationship between Eastern and Western architecture at the social, political, and cultural levels.