Effects of Infrastructure Impediments on Dropout of Female Students: A Cross-Sectional Based Study of District Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out with the sole purpose of assessing the effects of militancy on female students in District Bajaur. Using Sekaran criterion, a sample size of 169 respondents was purposefully chosen. A conceptual framework consisting of a dependent variable (the nature of drop out) and an independent variable (infrastructure). For primary data collection, a well-structured questionnaire was used. Furthermore, descriptive (frequency and percentage distribution) and inferential statistics were used to analyses the data (chi-square test). Thus, the study revealed a highly significant association (P=0.000) between the nature of drop out and infrastructure indictors (statements), namely, Are the number of girl schools less in your area? Furthermore, a significant association (P=0.001) was found between nature of dropout and infrastructure impediments inadequate sanitation facilities and drinking water in schools massively affect girls' dropout. The teachers face many problems like lack of teaching and learning aids, lack of suitable environment and no proper building (P=0.004), Lack of proper electricity and boundary wall affect girls schooling in your area (P=0.001). As a result, the government should implement legislative and budgetary measures to reduce dropout rates, such as providing financial assistance, a safe environment, school infrastructure, basic educational facilities in schools, and employment prospects, particularly for female students. Some of the recommendations have been forwarded in light of the current investigation.