Cyberbullying: Legal Challenges and Societal Impacts in the Digital Age

Abstract

Cyberbullying is a critical issue in Pakistan, exacerbated by increased internet use and social media prevalence. This study investigates cyberbullying's psychological impact on victims, such as depression, anxiety, and social isolation, and highlights gender disparities, with women facing heightened vulnerability due to societal stigmas and underreporting. Pakistan’s legal response, notably the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016, is analyzed, revealing challenges in enforcement and low conviction rates. The research compares Pakistan's situation to global trends, identifying shared obstacles in combating cyberbullying and advocating for international cooperation, including treaties like the Budapest Convention, to address its transnational scope. Technological solutions, like AI-driven detection, and public awareness campaigns are discussed as essential, along with parental involvement. The study concludes by calling for comprehensive legal, educational, and technological strategies to protect victims and ensure cyberbullies are held accountable.