Parenting Dynamics and Adolescent Outcomes: Investigating the Role of Demographic Differences

Abstract

The present study was intended to investigate demographic differences in parenting contexts as well as basic psychological needs and behavioral outcomes for adolescents. The research was based on the assumption propounded by Self-determining Theory. That is, gender, family system, mother's occupation and monthly income relate to the perception of adolescents about parenting, the need satisfaction of adolescents and the behavioral indicators. A total of 300 adolescents, aged between 13 and 17 years, were selected as sample units through stratified sampling technique. Data were taken from Parents as Social Context Questionnaire, Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Data were analyzed within the framework of cross-sectional, comparative research design. The findings showed that differences in mean across demographic groups were significantly different such that nuclear family adolescents were more positively influenced by parental involvement as compared to adolescents from one-parent families, as well as adolescents from high-income households, and mothers are working showed higher psychological need satisfaction and lesser behavioral difficulties. Recommendations incorporate that interventions are culturally specific parenting interventions and policies promoting economic stability and awareness among parents. Longitudinal studies should also look at the future basis of causality direction for interpretation enhancement.