The U.S.-India Nuclear Deal: Strategic Shifts and Security Implications in South Asia

Abstract

The ink-accord between U.S. and India around Civil Nuclear domain marked a transformative moment in global nuclear diplomacy and geopolitics of South Asia. This research paper examines the multifaceted dimensions of the deal, calibrating how it redefined relations, challenged traditional non-proliferation norms, and escalated strategic stature of India in the region. Against the global background of evolving concept of national security amid shifting global power dynamics, the paper outlines India’s effort to lead in the region and how this makes Pakistan uneasy. Using a qualitative method, the study reviews official statements, analyzes policies, draws from academic sources and uses the media to study the different results of the deal. According to the findings, the arrangement enabled India to work more closely with the nuclear world, but also upset the regional balance among nations. As a result, Pakistan’s level of threat increased, requiring it to restyle its defense system and strengthen its ties with China. The analysis finds that the deal has introduced unequal situations and weaker support for the global ban on nuclear weapons. It urges the world to restart inclusive non-proliferation talks, strengthen regional steps to build confidence and provide access to civilian nuclear technology to all countries on an equal basis with strong safeguards.